Pretoria - South Africa
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Pretoria is a city located in the northern part of Gauteng Province in South Africa. It was founded in 1855 by Marthinus Pretorius, a Voortrekker leader who named it after his father, Andries Pretorius. The city became the administrative capital of the South African Republic, also known as the Transvaal, in 1860.

During the late 19th century, Pretoria became an important center of the gold mining industry and played a key role in the Second Boer War (1899-1902) between the British Empire and the Boer republics. The city was occupied by British forces in June 1900 and was declared the capital of the newly-formed Union of South Africa in 1910.

Throughout the 20th century, Pretoria continued to grow and develop as a major city in South Africa. During the apartheid era, which lasted from 1948 to 1994, Pretoria was the administrative capital of the country and the site of many government buildings, including the Union Buildings, which house the offices of the South African president.

Since the end of apartheid, Pretoria has remained an important political and cultural center in South Africa. Today, it is home to numerous museums, universities, and research institutes, as well as many businesses and government agencies. प्रिंट के लिए तैयार: नहीं